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Who should buy Yahoo? Handicapping 5 likely suitors

At least Yahoo can’t complain this week about Google grabbing all the headlines.

While Google has been dishing out the usual morsels of news - tweaks to Google Video, YouTube and Google Office - everyone else can’t stop talking about Yahoo. First Terry Semel got dissed at the shareholders meeting, although his job looked secure. Then he was out, just in time to avoid another disappointing quarter.

Now it’s growing evident that the bigger force driving these events is a plan to put Yahoo on the block. Why else would appoint a founder as CEO, foregoing the chance to bring in an experienced CEO from outside (even though, as Semel said, Yahoo had “long been talking about … a smooth transition.”) The shrewd Rupert Murdoch sees a chance to trade up from MySpace and its plague of controversies to a more respected Internet name.

If Yahoo’s board is, as rumors have it, decides to seek a suitor and take over after the Internet giant after 13 years of bachelorhood, the question is not so much when as who. So with the markets entering its sleepy summer season, let’s take some time to handicap those potential suitors. The following is pure speculation: Think of it as a shotgun-wedding pool, as opposed to a death pool.

Private Equity Firm Odds: 7-1 Strategic sense: A- Certainly not the most likely scenario right now, but to my mind the one that would probably serve Yahoo the best in the long run. Yahoo’s corporate culture and structure are a shambles, and repairing things while keeping revenue growing and innovation alive will be nearly impossible with current leadership and board direction.

Private-equity takeovers are ideal for these kinds of clean-ups. They eliminate infighting and focus on implementing a smart plan quickly. There is significant risk: A restructured Yahoo may lose its innovative edge and alienate its longtime users. But as things stand now, that seems to be the path Yahoo is on anyway.

Comcast or AT&T Odds: 5-1 Strategic sense: B It used to be big ISPs felt they needed a Web portal to lure in customers. As broadband content matures and the “triple play” of telephony, television and the Internet starts to blur together, the idea is back in fashion. Comcast has a burning desire to become a destination for media consumers. But AT&T has longstanding ties with Yahoo through its SBC acquisition. They’ve been quiet suitors so far, but we may see one or both elbow their way to the front of the line.

Microsoft Odds: 4-1 Strategic sense: B- The obvious argument for a Microsoft-Yahoo combo is that it would create overnight a sizable competitor to Google in online advertising. If it happens, though, get ready for a lot of sound bites about how tying two bricks together doesn’t make a life raft. Integrating both companies may prove so distracting that neither one could focus on the task at hand: beating Google at its game.

News Corp./MySpace Odds: 20-1 Strategic sense: C- Much less likely to happen without an old-media style executive like Semel to bridge the cultural gaps. In fact, Murdoch may have shown his hand by leaking this deal because Semel’s departure makes it less likely. It would benefit Murdoch a lot more than it would Yahoo - but come to think about it, that probably increases the chances it will happen.

GE, Disney or CBS Odds: 40-1 Strategic sense: D Let’s hope this doesn’t happen. In the merger-mania of 2007, a company decides this is their best chance to have a sudden footprint in the Internet, where ad dollars are migrating. Well okay, maybe some Google shareholders are hoping this will happen.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Yahoo: Old Wine, Old Label

company_overview.jpgHoward Rubenstein’s first rule of crisis management is this: Always tell the truth. That’s exactly why so many people suspect Yahoo is still in trouble, even with its vilified lightning rod - formerly known as CEO Terry Semel - has been shown the door, or showed himself the door, or whatever happened.

It’s not very clear - and that is precisely the problem with Yahoo, with or without Semel.

The news, at once surprising and overdue, is nevertheless good enough to drive the stock up 4.7% in aftermarket trading. Yahoo’s stock came alive in the last 90 minutes of trading, as word seems to have spread about Semel’s imminent departure. Since then, the stock has gained 6.3% - in stock terms, surely one of the most productive days Semel has had in months.

But as significant as the news is, it raises more questions than it answers. Look at how the board pats Semels’s back with one hand even as it shoves him out with the other. Or how Semel is forced to praise his successors - one of the biggest dishes of crow an Internet executive has had to swallow in some time. And then there’s new CEO Jerry Yang’s ebullient blog post, where he rambles on giddily about Yahoo’s vision going forward.

“A Yahoo! that executes with speed, clarity and discipline. A Yahoo! that increases its focus on differentiating its products and investing in creativity and innovation. A Yahoo! that better monetizes its audience. A Yahoo! whose great talent is galvanized to address its challenges. And a Yahoo! that is better focused on what’s important to its users, customers, and employees.”

He might have added: ” A Yahoo! that can say: ‘I’m good enough, I’m smart enough, and doggone it, people like me!’”

Yahoo has been a vital presence in the Web world for at least a dozen years. It’s sad to see it without its mojo. While I don’t buy the line that Yahoo was a check against the evil monolith of Google, Yahoo has been in the past a key competitor, making Google better by being itself very good.

Then it jumped the rails. Innovation was stifled, executives bolted in disturbing numbers, and the stock drifted downward. Everyone (I’m betting even Google) wants to see blood back in Yahoo’s veins. But there are several questions that demand to be answered frankly:

  • Why not Sue Decker as CEO? Why Yang, who Semel was brought into replace after he and co-founder David Filo let the company run adrift?
  • Yang must have improved as a leader of a large company, but how can anyone be sure?
  • Does this change Yahoo’s chances of being bought out by, say, Microsoft?
  • How soon will Yahoo fill management holes and revive morale, and how will it do so?
  • Aside from deploying Panama, what concrete strategies are planned to return Yahoo to success?

I think Yahoo investors would have slept a lot better tonight having read a single statement like this: “We thank Terry for his contributions as CEO, but investors with a larger stake in the company than he has have pushed him out. It may look like things are a mess right now - and they are - but we have a solid plan to right the company this year.”

Instead, we have corny PR. I doubt we’ll really know whether Yahoo can return to its former glory until another quarter or so. But if this Internet star continues to devolve into an Internet dwarf, it’s not just Yahoo who will suffer, it’s all of us.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Adderton officially out at Amp’d

So finally Peter Adderton, the much talked about CEO of Amp’d and the company he started have parted ways. Rumors of his departure have been making the rounds for sometime, but now it is official. We even confirmed it with the company.

“Peter and Amp’d have officially parted ways,” a spokesperson told Katie. The parting happend this weekend, and the senior management including Bill Stone (President), Sue Swensen (COO) and Doug Dobie (CMO) are in charge right now of the company that filed for bankruptcy recently.

Why did the change happen? “We wont comment on anything beyond this.” The big question is: did Adderton drive away or did he take a helicopter ride into the sunset.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Apple plots a DVD player for the broadband era

At the recent All Things D conference, Steve Jobs, chief executive officer of Apple in an uncharacteristic display of modesty dubbed Apple TV, as a “hobby” that the company was trying to figure out. He, then proceeded to outline his grand vision of turning the Apple TV into the DVD player of the Internet age.

Well if you believe what you read in this morning’s Wall Street Journal and The Financial Times, then the company has taken first step towards that goal. The company is said to be in talks with major Hollywood studios to figure out a way to rent full length feature films to Apple TV viewers.

With Apple willing to give a bigger cut to the studios, which are frantically and desperately looking to shore up their shrinking DVD-related revenues, it won’t be long before the majors sign-up for the new offering.

At $2.99 a pop, the movies will be available for rental for about 30 days, and the service could launch sometime in Autumn 2007, according to the two financial dailies. Apple currently offers movie downloads from studios such as Lions Gate Entertainment, MGM and Disney.

This download-rental move will put Apple in direct conflict with dozens of competitors, including the cable and phone companies that are betting big on the video-on-demand as an engine of growth. The strategy is typical of Apple: it lets the market reach a point of confusion, and then starts offering a service that emphasizes ease of use and elegant out of the box experience.

It worked in the case of iPod, and if the initial hype around iPhone is any indication, then it might work when it comes to multimedia computers formerly known as cell phones. From a limited two-week experience with AppleTV, an encore isn’t that difficult to imagine.

Still, it won’t happen overnight – unlike the digital music player market, most of us are fairly happy with our DVD players, and snail mail still remains the fattest pipe around. The bandwidth constraints, at least in the US, home market for the US are not going to go away anytime soon. The so-called fast connections are fast, when compared to say what was on tap two years ago. The infrastructure challenges of such a service and the costs associated with it are another issue Apple will have to tackle.

Technology-News: GigaOm

From Zepton to Infinera, a start-up story

Infinera , a Sunnyvale, Calif.-based start-up, went public yesterday in what is turning out to be one of the hottest public offerings in recent months. Even though the optical gear maker is still bleeding red, the company managed to raise about $182 million by selling 14 million shares at $13 a pop. This morning, the INFN is trading at around $22 a share.

The IPO by the 6 1/2-year-old company had been widely expected, and many had expected to do well. Why?

Because it makes gear that helps reduce the operational expenses that go with managing and running fiber networks. Infinera, makes an optical chip, and then builds a specialized box that is sold to carriers like Level 3 and Global Crossing. ( Read Andrew Schmitt’s piece on where they fit in the optical landscape and why?)

Nevertheless, from a personal perspective it has been a thrill to see this company evolve from an idea to a publicly traded company. That is one of the biggest upsides of the new blogging medium – you can follow a story from start to finish on a rolling basis.

Infinera is one of the handful of start-ups I have followed from cradle to the finish line – Google, Skype, and Vonage are the other three. (Current list includes Joost and Kyte, and another stealth mode company. Facebook should have been on the list.) The common trait amongst all these companies is the audaciousness of the idea, and the unrelenting desire of the founders to just march to the beat of the drum only they hear. Some have happy endings, other’s don’t.

It was back in March 2002, my long feature on Infinera, The Light Brigade , appeared in the Red Herring, even though I had spent many months talking to the three co-founders: Jagdeep Singh, Drew Perkins and David Welch.

Their idea of building an optical chip was too outrageous that they kept it on the down low. The conventional wisdom was that it couldn’t be done, and no one, and I mean no one believed that it could be done.

Still, the company raised huge amounts of cash, with Vinod Khosla, then at Kleiner Perkins, Alex Balkanski of Benchmark Capital and Cypress Semiconductor’s TJ Rodgers being the early backers. You have to remember this was at a time when the telecom industry was collapsing, and the question of the day was: who is bankrupt now?

Even back then, the company had a specific timeline and a game plan that would do an NFL coach proud. They shared milestones, and as the years went by, they managed to execute on their plans.

The initial euphoria aside, the company still has its work cut out – it has to keep growing its sales, stem its losses. Infinera recorded revenue of $58.2 million for the year ended Dec. 31, 2006, and a net loss of about $90 million. That compares with revenue in 2004 and 2005 of about $600,000 and $4 million, and net losses of about $66 million and $65 million, respectively. In the first quarter of 2007, the company had sales of $49.2 million and a net loss of around $20 million.

The fact that Level 3, one of their biggest customers is also an equity owner should be of concern to one-and-all. Level 3 (including Broadwing) accounts for nearly 75% of their revenue. This pay-to-play tactic was something that went out of control in the last telecom bubble. Infinera has signed up a lot of new customers, and has over $125 million in deferred revenues.

As the months go by, much of what they will do will be part of public domain. It will be an interesting to watch if this team can turn a single chip into a company that can continue to beat the giants at their own game.

Our previous Infinera coverage.

Technology-News: GigaOm

AT&T’s new CEO Randall Stephenson on iPhone, 1st day jitters and Ed Whitacre

Goodbye Ed Whitacre, Hello Randall Stephenson, the new CEO of AT&T and his new executive team. Long the crown prince of AT&T, Stephenson took over the top job yesterday.

stephenson_sml.jpgWe decided to ask him a few questions, about AT&T, the future and what it means to be the top guy at the biggest phone company on the planet. More importantly, what does it feel to step into the shoes of Ed Whitacre, the outgoing CEO of AT&T. Any first day jitters, we wondered. And is he excited about iPhone like rest of the planet?

Here are excerpts from an e-interview:

Om Malik: How does it feel to be the CEO of new AT&T? Randall Stephenson: It feels great and humbling all at once. Ed Whitacre changed the company, he changed the industry, and he revitalized an iconic American brand. That’s a hard act to follow. But he left this company in great shape and that’s very exciting to me and everyone here.

OM: AT&T is a fearsome company now, with a weight of its legacy. Any first day jitters?

RS: Fearsome is the wrong word. The new AT&T is a 6-month-old company with a 130-year legacy of innovation and reliability behind us. When we closed the BellSouth deal in December, we finally put all the major pieces together.

The new AT&T is wireless at the core in terms of great new handsets; in terms of enabling true anytime, anywhere mobility that our customers want and in terms of being innovative and service-oriented. If there are any jitters, it’s from the excitement running through this company about our prospects.

OM: There are a lot of challenges facing the company. What do you think is the biggest challenge facing AT&T as a company and you personally?

RS: Our biggest challenge as a company is to ensure that our customers really understand what the new AT&T is all about. We are the most complete communications and entertainment provider for the way people live–and that starts with wireless. When people recognize that, we win. It’s the same on the business side.

My personal challenge is to make sure that the pieces we’ve assembled–industry-leading wireless, TV, broadband, global operations and local service work together as smoothly and efficiently as possible.

OM: How vital is iPhone to your company? I have never seen AT&T push something so hard that wasn’t developed internally. Why is that?

RS: The iPhone is a radically innovative new device and it only makes sense that AT&T and Apple would partner to bring it to market. This device is very important to us, it’s important to Apple and it is going to do very well with customers. It also reinforces with consumers that AT&T is the place to turn for the latest in wireless devices and services.

OM: Will AT&T change its decision about Fiber-DSL combo (FTTN) and go (all) FTTH in the future? RS: It’s never been “either/or” for us. It was always about how to get IPTV to customers the fastest, and that’s what FTTN accomplishes. We have already embraced fiber-to-the-home in certain cases, such as new, greenfield construction.

We like our fiber-to-the-node strategy as well. It lets us deliver multiple streams of IPTV, including HD, to more than 18 million homes at about one-fourth the cost. As compression technology and electronics advance, we’ll get even more bandwidth. The response from customers has been great.

Technology-News: GigaOm

With Covestor, everyone is a money manager

coverstorlogo.gifSo you think you are a smart investor, the kind who always beats the market, and tells your friends and family what stocks to invest in, and what stocks to sell. You think you can out perform the money managers and investment advisers who collect hefty fees. If yes, then you might be interested in a new service from New York-based start-up, Covestor, likely to launch sometime tomorrow.

Here is how it works:

You sign-up for the service, and plug-in your online brokerage account information and your portfolio shows up on the site, and the system creates its relative performance to the broader indices, sector indices and also creates a risk profile. It’s not a fantasy game; instead it is your real portfolio, where real money is at work.

The site, while no-frills has all the elements you would see on say Morningstar fund screen. You can see a person’s holdings as percentage of their portfolio, with relevant charts and other relevant data. Lets say, you are good at picking broadband stocks; others on Covestor can track your investments. There are shades of social networking, with a built-in reputation system. There are other features that help you gauge the quality of investment information you are getting from a person.

If the “covestors” agree with your investment style, then these covestors can allocate say a small portion of their own investment dollars to mimic your investment style. The more successful you are, the more followers you get. Think of yourself as their virtual money manager – an attractive proposition for those who take (very vocal) pride in their investing prowess. It is not that different from a blog, where unique voice or view points lead to a ‘following.’

“The idea came to me, when I heard from my contacts in the investment business, that hedge funds were asking research firms to put their ideas on the web so that they can track them,” says Richard ‘Rikki’ Tahta, who has co-founded the company along with two other co-founders, Perry Blacher and Simon Veingard, a few months ago. They have raised $1 million in funding from angel investors.

Tahta is a repeat entrepreneur who has been involved with four start-ups in the financial information sector. “With the advent of zero commission brokerage accounts, the friction of replicating six people in my own portfolio has vanished,” says Tahta, pointing to new offerings from Banc of America. One of the first thoughts that crossed my mind after hearing Tahta describe his company: isn’t this a system ripe for being gamed, especially when the site is a tear away success, and the portfolio’s following becomes a self fulfilling prophecy. The followers’ actions can have a negative impact on a highly illiquid stock, pushing it higher, making the system prone to manipulation.

“Since you actually need to spend to build a reputation, and all your information is with the brokerage, the potential of gaming the system is pretty low,” says Tahta. I still remain unconvinced – and that’s a challenge Covester will have to overcome before it can be deemed a success.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Palm’s last stand, with a bit of Elevation

Last week, at the D conference, I watched Jeff Hawkins, Palm’s Chairman show off Foleo, a new companion device to its Treo devices, in front of a packed audience. As I stood in the aisles, it became quickly obvious that many were not that interested in the new device, busy checking their emails on their Blackberrys. Others just simply walked out of the room. Foleo, more like fold-up-and-go!

paula_abdul_tipsy.jpgIt was a limp attempt by a company whose resident tech genius, aka Hawkins, is more enamored with his brain-start-up, to capture some of the old magic. In fact, that one demo showed that Palm was a visage of its former self, klike an aging diva, it is walking on a faded red carpet, wearing threads from another era, but not realizing that the world has moved on to prettier, shiner and sexier things.

It has lost the attention of its core demographic – the Silicon Valley tech elite – and if that wasn’t enough, Apple’s new iPhone is about 28 days from launch. Sure it has the developers, and lots of applications, but even on that front its not all peaches and champagne. Windows Mobile is coming on strong and is becoming more and more attractive to the developers.

Well, maybe selling out to anyone did seem like a good idea.

So they did – 25% of the company is being bought by Elevation Partners for $325 million. As part of the deal, Elevation gets a new series of convertible preferred stock. The stock will convert at $8.50 per share, a premium of approximately 16 percent to the implied post-distribution price over the 10 trading days ended June 1, 2007, excluding the $9 per share cash distribution.

The deal involves a massive overhaul of the board. Fred Anderson (former Apple CFO) and Elevation Partners managing director Roger McNamee will join Palm’s board of directors. Jon Rubenstein (of iPod fame) will be the Chairman of the board.

I find it ironic that only 25% of the company was sold. Does that mean there were no takers for the whole thing? This is a bit of a loser deal, as 24/7 Wall Street points out. Palm will add about $400 million in debt, in order to offer $9 a share in cash as part of this planned recapitalization. Total current assets of the company as of February 28, 2007 according to their latest 10Q filings were about $914 million.

This move while generate a lot of attention, isn’t likely to save the company, despite what the new board does. I wrote about this in my previous post: “Palm’s current state of affairs is a result of haphazard management practices and a sad tale of a company that got whip lashed by the rapid technological changes that rewarded scale more than innovation.” None of that has changed!

Technology-News: GigaOm

Last.fm, CBS’ $280 million hedge for its radio biz?

Why did CBS decide to spend $280 million to buy Last.fm, a UK-based music community that faces many challengers, and other risks such as the rapidly transforming Internet streaming royalty structure? A vexing question, it has been on my mind ever since I read the news in the Los Angeles Times.

I have been in touch with some folks who know the media business quite well, and they believe that amongst other things Last.fm could be CBS’s hedge for its terrestrial radio operations. CBS, thanks to the Tiffany Network, is widely viewed as a television company. Many overlook the fact that it owns 144 radio stations in 50 markets, a business that brought in about $397 million in revenues in the first quarter of 2007, and an operating income of $156 million.

However, radio sales saw a decline of 9% (maybe because CBS sold off 39 radio stations) and operating income declined 4% when compared to the first quarter 2006. The terrestrial radio business has been feeling the heat, losing the attention battle to iPods and the Internet based music services.

The situation isn’t going to get any better, as music continues to be available everywhere. A whole generation is growing up and turning a deaf ear to the traditional radio. Last.fm, however, is moving in the opposite direction – growing, mostly because of its social features.

It is a community of like-minded (or same taste) music lovers that continues to grow. To distort a cliché, let a billion radio stations boom. CBS could start making money with the obvious business of selling music, but the real thrill would be if CBS takes this (to use another cliché) wisdom of crowds, and turned it into a tool for programming its on-the-air play lists. (Rags outlined this theme in his post, Can social tools save plain ole radio?) (Also, Internet is the Deejay.)

If people-curated news sites like Digg can find traction, why not a people-powered radio. A Last.fm Top 20? If Les Moonves and his able lieutenant Quincy Smith play their cards right, Last.fm could become the underpinning for CBS Radio sometime in the future.

Of course all that is in the future, once the glow of the deal has turned into a shade of reality. CBS will have to work hard to not disturb the core DNA of Last.fm. There are already some rumblings, and some Last.fm community members equate CBS’ presence to cat among pigeons.

Smith, who is leading CBS’ charge into interactive waters, told me that they have no plans to muck around with Last.fm or its community, emphasizing in his ever-so-colorful manner that CBS wants to do the reverse – take Last.fm’s DNA and graft it onto the big brother.

“If the ‘Man’ buys a social network, key is to keep our influence away from it.” As long as he and his bosses remember that, the hedge for CBS Radio could actually pay-off in the long run.

Technology-News: GigaOm

With success, a kinder, gentler Steve Jobs

Success, they say, mellows out even the fiercest of tyrants, making their dictates seem almost benevolent. Steve Jobs, the enfant terrible of yesteryears, whose unrelenting quest for perfection has driven many to Ole Tennessee or an asylum (whichever is closer) is showing signs of a kinder, gentler self, happy to share (within limits) the glory, and espousing the virtues of team work.

The timing isn’t lost on some, especially those with a more refined taste for the jugular. Apple, despite its recent tussles with the Securities & Exchange Commission, has been defying gravity, and today joined the $100 billion club, ending the day with $102.7 billion in market capitalization. Of course the elusive iPhone has mesmerized not only the fan-boys, but also the entire mobile industry.

At the D Conference today, twice he gave glimpses of the new Steve Jobs that stood out from his pontifications about iPhone, Apple TV, and the industry at large. He joked, he threw punch lines, and he was even nice to Bill Gates. He even admitted that he read Fake Steve Jobs, and some of the stuff is funny. (Shocking isn’t it? After all Apple went gunning for folks printing rumors about Apple’s products.)

In the brouhaha over iPhone, many missed this little quip from His Jobsness. “If you want to hire bright and creative people, you can’t over rule them. You can do that once or twice a year,” he told Mossberg in his chat with Walt Mossberg. (At this point, I muttered, something unprintable.) We all thought at Apple it was all Steve all the time.

We have seen the Mac faithful being hypnotized with his thespian skills, but at the D, he was the toast of a ballroom full of some bodies, proving that had he gone Hollywood, he would give George Clooney and Nicholas Cage a run for their money. He claimed Apple had two $10 billion dollar businesses – the computer and the music business – and will soon have another $10 billion business, the phone. Apple TV, which has received a lukewarm reception, was dubbed a hobby, something where many others before have failed before.

A hobby that merited an onscreen demo and press release…. Please even my inner fan boy refuses to buy that. Was it a Zen moment of spin? Or just another scene in a drama where Jobs will emerge as the savior? The digital Robin Hood so to speak? Or was it a bit of both.

At a gathering where profound utterances are as commonplace as exchange of business cards, Jobs dominated the conversation, impressing men (and women) who often grace the headlines of the same Wall Street Journal that was the host of the conference. Once again he is the center of the technology universe. And he did it his way.

It is hard to begrudge him his success. In his appearance with Bill Gates, my former boss, Josh Quittner noted, Jobs had the sweetest lines. Like this one, he uttered when looking at BillG:

“You know, I tend to think of things as Beatles or Bob Dylan songs. There’s one Beatles song that goes, ‘You and I have memories that are longer than the road that stretches out ahead.’ That’s clearly the case here.”

A moment of tenderness, or just a guy who knows that it is the last frame of the film that you remember forever. The evening ended with a standing ovation – there is no other way to cap a $100 billion day!

Technology-News: GigaOm

Amazon, the stock, just keeps rising

You’ve got to hand it to Amazon.com. For bulls and bears alike, the stock keeps making as many sudden and unpredictable turns as a Harry Potter novel. And it inspires as much debate as a passionate screed from Al Gore or Christopher Hitchens.

Of course, the plot turns have been much more enjoyable for the bulls in recent weeks. After reporting its earnings for the first-quarter, traditionally a sleepy one for retail, the stock rallied 40% in two days. Amazon did in the quarter what few were expecting - it showed it was serious about pushing down margins that had been eroding for quarters.

Many observers, including myself, believed that surge was just a short squeeze that wouldn’t last long. We were wrong: The stock has pushed further to $73.31 last week, another 17% gain, largely on the back of its decision to sell DRM-free music tracks.

Few stocks can make moves like that without raising eyebrows. But we all know that’s just Amazon being Amazon - the stock operates according to its indigenous logic. As it turns another page to open up a new chapter, now is a good time to ask: Is Amazon finally too expensive? To answer that, it helps to review its short history:

In 1994, Jeff Bezos stared into a browser and saw a way to radically simplify the way we all shop. The idea let him take company public; but as the stock soared and Amazon expanded, the debt piled up. Bears predicted losses piling up until they drowned the company, but Amazon turned profitable in 2002, single-handedly kindling a tech recovery in the ashes of the dot-com bust.

But the bears wouldn’t admit defeat: Amazon wasn’t a technology company but just another retailer, they said - worse, a retailer with grimly low profit margins. But Amazon forged into new technologies, many successful (S3, Web services) and some not (Unbox). The 80% gain in Amazon’s stock in the last three months should shut down the Amazon’s-just-a-retailer argument, but also amplify the debate over its stock’s value.

amazon-chart.gifYou can see the whole epic in a glance in its one-decade stock chart. It almost looks like Amazon’s headed back up to the territory it charted during the last bubble.

Valuation-wise, Amazon is about as pricey as it’s been ever since it turned a profit. It’s trading at 55.7 times its forward earnings, even after analysts have repeatedly upped their profit forecasts. In early October 2003, right before the stock began a slow but rocky slide from $60 to $25, its P/E ratio was only slightly higher, at 58.9.

I like Amazon as a (technology) company, and think its underlying operations are strong and poised for more growth. For that reason, I am glad to see it’s not being beaten down by the bears anymore. But also for that reason, I hope it doesn’t surge much farther away from a sober valuation.

If it does, it would give the bears and the shorts another excuse to pummel the stock. But I suppose it would also open the door to yet another sequel in Amazon and Bezos’ excellent adventure.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Did Microsoft go lose its head over aQuantive?

I’ve been trying to find a way to illustrate just how screwy Microsoft’s $6 billion bid for aQuantive is, and here it is: For $6 billion in cash, Microsoft could have hired, in a single day, 60,000 engineers and salespeople (plus managers to make sure they earn their pay) - paying each one of them a $100,000 salary.

Of course, if Microsoft did that in one day everyone would think its executives had gone mad. After all, it already employs a modest 71,000 people around the world. Instead, it’s paying out $2.85 million for each of the 2,106 employees who work for aQuantive. Which, no matter how hard as people labor to rationalize this deal, is at the very least slightly more mad than that, if not good old-fashioned American bat-shit insanity.

Just as Microsoft was obsessed 10 years ago with an iron grip on the computer desktop - a vision that proved almost fatally shortsighted - it’s now obsessed with having a Bigfoot-sized imprint in the online-advertising industry.

Sure, being shut out by Google and to a lesser extent Yahoo has to be painful today, but the fact is Microsoft is seeding several markets that may well be just as important if not more important in a few years on: video games, online business transactions, health-care software and consumer-oriented robotics.

Still, Microsoft blunders on into online ads like a middle-aged ex-quarterback bent on reliving those glory days of high school. In the world of M&A, as in a post-midnight dive bar, desperation is a cheap cologne. If anyone smells it on you, they hold it against you. After Friday’s news, Microsoft is fairly doused in eau de désespoir.

Yet as always happens whenever something occurs that makes no sense whatsoever, there is no shortage of explanations: Microsoft lost Yahoo, so this is its last best option in online advertising. No wait, this allows Microsoft to get back into the courting dance with Yahoo. Or just maybe, Microsoft knows a bargain when it sees it.

The thing is, aQuantive is a respectable enough, if already overpriced, company. But its value has been erratic. Before the whole media-merger mania caught fire, aQuantive went from $11 two years ago to $29 in early 2005, down to $19 that same summer, and back up to $29 a few months on.

So aQuantive as an investment is kind of like John Travolta’s career: It really all depends on when you catch him. Are you getting the epoch-defining Saturday Night Fever or its unpalatable sequel Staying Alive? Pulp Fiction or Michael?

Just Microsoft’s luck, Travolta is about to headline the new Hairspray in drag. Microsoft wants a bride who resembles Doubleclick, snatched away by Google earlier this spring, but aQuantive has been dabbling all along in, shall we say, alternative revenue streams: “behavioral targeting businesses” and “creative development and branding,” and whatever those euphemisms, taken from aQuantive’s last 10-K, might suggest.

Microsoft has often been compared with Google unfavorably in recent years. One thing both companies shared in common was their restraint in spending hard-won capital. But with Google’s $3 billion buy of Doubleclick and now Microsoft’s buy of aQuantive that’s twice as large, I fear we are in uncharted territory of M&A-Land.

Well, territory that hasn’t been charted since the hyper-aQuisitive days of the dot-com years. But who would rationally choose to return to those silly times?

Technology-News: GigaOm

(Apple) Stock Hacking & the power of DisInformaton

If you’re tired of the old cliché that information is power, here’s a new one: Disinformation is every bit as powerful.

That much we know from the mischievous email that was apparently sent out to Apple employees and that - naturally - quickly found its way into the tech-news cycle via the respected and highly trafficked tech site Engadget. The terse email said simply that the iPhone would be delayed to October from June and that the OS X Leopard operating software would not be released until January.

(Apple declined to offer any comment beyond reiterating that the email “wasn’t authentic” and that both the iPhone and Leopard are on track as previously announced.)

That was enough to cause Apple’s stock to tumble 5% from its morning high.

It took only seven minutes for Apple to fall to its intraday low of $103.42 from $108.83. Apple was trading below $105 for only two minutes, but in those two minutes more than 2.2 million shares were traded.

In the volatile 23 minutes of turmoil between the minute the disinformation hit the stock market at 8:55 PST and Apple’s announcement that the initial email “is fake and did not come from Apple,” nearly 15 million shares changed hands. That’s 60% of Apple’s normal volume in well under a half hour. That’s also an awful lot money lost for some investors - and gained for others - all of it because of a lie.

There are two things about this that are interesting: The practice itself, seeding the stock market with deceptive news that moves prices, is usually reserved for over-the-counter stocks, where a frantic post on a hyperactive message board can cause illiquid stocks to rise or fall five or 10 percent in less than a day.

But Apple, with an average trading volume of 25 million shares a day, is no penny stock. And yet, given all the hype that has surrounded the iPhone since January you’d have to think long and hard to come up with a piece of fake-news that would cause, in a matter of seconds, more investors (and Apple fanboys) to lose control of their anal sphincter muscles than this rumor did.**

The other notable twist is in how the fake news was spread. It seems someone figured out how to send an email to Apple employees around the world, putting the familiar “Bullet News” in the from line (for Apple’s sake, one hopes this is not as simple as sending an email to “everyone@apple.com”).

A week ago, I noted how backdated stock options, and look into who may have profited from shorting the stock ahead of the news.

And there is also already debate about how Engadget handled the news. Some say it just ran with what an Apple employee sent in; others say it could have benefited from double-checking with Apple. But let’s not forget that only 11 days ago, the New York Post, the country’s 13th oldest newspaper, ran the rapidly discredited news of a Microsoft-Yahoo merger. That fake news drove Yahoo’s stock up 19%, and most of those gains have since eroded away. The SEC has its work cut out for it.

But what really stands out for me in this bizarre but fascinating episode is that Apple investors were taken by a technological goof that could have happened a decade ago but that in 2007 is like being sold the Eiffel Tower. If the irrational hopes surrounding the iPhone had not gotten so overheated, this would never have happened.

Hat tip to Paul Kedroksy for coming up with the phrase, Stock Hackers

Technology-News: GigaOm

Orbitz, the worst IPO of 2007?

We’re not even halfway through 2007 and I’m ready to make a nomination for worst IPO candidate of the year: Orbitz.

You may recall that Orbitz - the online travel site founded by five major airlines in 2000 - went public at $26 a share in 2003. It filed documents Thursday to go public again. But the Orbitz of 2007 is very different from the Orbitz of old.

A lot has happened since that first IPO. Nine months later, Cendant bought Orbitz for $27.50 a share. Cendant rolled Oribitz into its online-travel segment, named Travelport, and sold it to private equity giant Blackstone Group last summer. Now Blackstone and Travelport want to spin off Orbitz to the public market.

Orbitz isn’t a bad company, and there’s nothing wrong its spinoff. The problem is how it’s being spun off. It’s happening way too early, and with little consideration of Orbitz itself or its future shareholders.

Look through the financials in the prospectus. As Paul Kedrosky pointed out on his blog, “these are absurdly complex financials with difficult historical comparables.” After so many deals and restructurings, only its name hasn’t changed.

But there’s one simple thread running through Orbitz’ financials: Any way you slice it, the company had a net loss and an operating loss in 2004, 2005 and 2006. It used to be companies in the red couldn’t get through the IPO gates. Now most are, but they’re not doing so hot afterwards.

That’s okay, because as a fund manager buying a big stake in Orbitz, you’ll have some say in how it’s run, right? Wrong: As the prospectus says, “Travelport’s controlling holders will continue to control us and may have strategic interests that differ from ours or yours.”

So let’s see - no voting rights, a history of losses, a financial statement complex enough that a doctoral student could base a dissertation on it, and more plastic surgery in the past three years than the Gabor sisters combined - what’s not to like?

But wait. IPOs can raise capital to help companies expand with new staff, marketing and R&D. So surely Orbitz will benefit from that?

Wrong again. Take a look at this document, marked “confidential” but posted for all to see on Travelport’s investor-relations site. It’s from a presentation Travelport CFO Mike Rescoe made at a UBS investment conference Wednesday. On page 11, it notes that the IPO will happen by October, then says this:

“All net proceeds will be used to pay down Travelport OpCo debt. In addition, Orbitz will raise debt at its OpCo level, a portion of which is also expected to be used to pay down Travelport OpCo debt … We expect the Orbitz related transactions to result in a $1.3 billion paydown of Travelport OpCo debt.”

This latest Orbitz IPO is a lamb being rushed to the sacrificial altar simply to pay off Travelport’s debt. Why is Travelport in such a hurry? The answer may lie on page 12 of the UBS investors presentation:

“Additional potential paths to drive additional debt repayment include (i) follow-on sale of Orbitz shares and (ii) IPO of a combined Travelport/Worldspan and GTA business, among others.”

In other words, after wringing Orbitz dry through initial and secondary offerings and new debt, Travelport will take itself public. Travelport’s biggest and most profitable business is Galileo, which started out as Europe’s answer to Orbitz, but now includes data from nearly every airline in the world.

Given how cavalier the markets have grown about IPOs, I don’t blame Blackstone for this gambit. I actually admire its boldness. As for anyone bold enough to buy into this IPO, the payoff isn’t anywhere as sure.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Don’t Blame Panama: The Real Threat Facing Yahoo

Taking a look at Yahoo’s first quarter number, one word comes to mind: heedless.

Not “heedless”, as in Yahoo executives who led the Street on until it believed that, thanks to its vaunted Panama search technology, revenue and profits would surge in the first quarter of 2007. Or even “heedless”, as in investors who had gotten a little ahead of themselves by betting that Panama would deliver sooner than promised.

No, Yahoo CEO Terry Semel was clear on that point a quarter ago: “The first time we see any benefit will be at the end of the second quarter,” he told the New York Times. “Every quarter thereafter we will start to get better.”

Despite that cold dose of reality, Yahoo bulls bid up the stock 19% since that cautionary interview. It could charitably be written off to long-term optimism. But today, people are slamming Yahoo for getting it wrong.

“Yahoo recently overhauled its online advertising system, giving some investors hope for a positive earnings surprise. So far, that hope hasn’t materialized,” the Wall Street Journal wrote Tuesday. Who knew?

Any selling Wednesday on Yahoo’s first quarter results may miss the point. Yahoo could be facing tough times in 2007, but not because Panama didn’t lift profits in the first quarter, but rather because of something that happened last week: Google is finally getting serious about banner ads.

The real threat for Yahoo is that it could well remain on the wrong side of the profit pendulum. Here’s what I mean by that.

Yahoo was a big player in search before Google came along. But it didn’t capitalize enough on that position. Instead, it focused on branded ads (a nice way of saying banner ads - something that regular Web users have learned to either ignore or block, but not enough for Yahoo or, now Google, to care.).

Want to know the dirty little secret of Yahoo’s stock? It’s this: In the two years before Google went public, its stock rallied 376% to $28.61 from $6.01. As of Tuesday, before Yahoo’s first quarter 2007 report, it had risen another 12% to $32.09.

That’s partly because, before Google IPO, investors had nowhere else to put their money than Yahoo. Then came Google, who knew better than Yahoo how to make ad money off search results: that is, no banner, only text ads that maybe, just maybe may be relevant to you.

In other words, the pendulum swung. Search/text ads grew like crazy even if banner ads grew at a more-than respectable pace. Yahoo realized it had to match Google in its intuitive search algorithms, so it began to hatch Panama. It wasn’t an easy proposition. There were critical delays.

Still, Yahoo remained clear about Panama’s timing, warning investors if it would release later than expected - which is more than Google did for the un-beta release of Google News or that Microsoft did for … well, pretty much anything Microsoft ever did. No one ever called Panama vaporware.

And they shouldn’t today. Because the real risk for Yahoo is that Panama is finally catching up to Google right as Google is catching up to Yahoo in its core market of branded - er, banner - advertising.

This could go either way: If you’re a true believer in Google’s instincts, banner ads (along with video ads) will catch up with its text and search ads. But if Yahoo has been right all along, Google is essentially leveling the playing field to Yahoo’s advantage.

The antitrust concerns about the DoubleClick buyout are off mark, but I do wonder if they may help tip the balance from Google toward Yahoo.

Take Semel Tuesday on Yahoo as a alternative to Google: “We have heard concerns from various advertisers, ad agencies and others,” he told Reuters. “My guess is there’ll be some who are fine and there’ll be many who, perhaps, aren’t fine. That’s up to them.”

So it is. Everyone else, place your bets now.

Who will be the real heedless: Investors in Yahoo, which loses ads to Google because of its superior ad-personalization algorithms? Or investors in Google, because Yahoo’s Panama eats into its search pie, while the DoubleClick deal prompts advertisers to defect to the prime alternative, Yahoo?

Thank you, Internet gods. Just maybe, it is once again a two-horse race.

Kevin Kelleher is a writer living in Berkeley, Calif. He has a regular stock column at TheStreet.com and is a contributor to Wired, Business 2.0 and Popular Science. He has previously worked at Bloomberg News, Wired News and The Industry Standard magazine.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Doubts raised over Verizon VoIP patents

There might be a silver lining (albeit faint) for Vonage, the Holmdel, NJ-based company currently enveloped in clouds of doom. The independent VoIP provider, which lost a patent case to Verizon Communications, today acknowledged that it doesn’t have a way of avoiding infringing on Verizon’s patents.

Now, in a note published to his clients, Tier 1 Research analyst Daniel Berninger (also a guest columnist for GigaOM) argues that the legitimacy of Verizon’s two key ‘name translation’ patents (6,104,711 filed on March 6, 1997; 6,282,574-filed February 24, 2000) are themselves subject to scrutiny.

In his note, Berninger writes that the Verizon patent applications authored by Eric Voit reflect contributions made by VocalTec Communications and were discussed at the VoIP Forum in 1996. Some of VocalTec’s technical claims were also formally published in an independent document in January 1997.

Moreover, the published document included contributions from Cisco Systems, Microsoft, IBM, Nortel, Intel and several other prominent technology companies. (See documents at the end of this report.) Records indicate that Verizon filed for its own patents in March 1997 and February 2000. Beringer’s note goes on to say:

The claims in both patents were anticipated by open standards assembled by the VoIP Forum in 1996 and published in January 1997 with the participation of members from Cisco Systems, Microsoft, IBM, Nortel, Intel, Motorola, Lucent, and Vocaltec Communications, among others. The work of the VoIP Forum, publication plans, and disclosure requirements were noted in a correspondence between the VoIP Forum and the ITU Telecommunications Standardization Sector. Verizon filed another patent application (6,298,062) in the same time period that does reference the Kahane-Petrack paper of January 1997.

We have contacted Verizon and seeking their response to the note. We will update the story to reflect their response.

See claims and links to patents.

Footnotes:

1. O. Kahane and S. Petrack, “Call Management Agent System: Requirements, Function, Architecture, and Protocol,” IMTC VoIP Forum, Seattle, Washington, January, 1997, 44 pages. PDF

2. IMTC Voice over IP Forum Technical Committee, “Service Interoperability Implementation Agreement”, January 13, 1997. (PDF)

3. Minutes of the VoIP Forum meeting. (PDF)

Technology-News: GigaOm

Future of Intel’s ultramobile PC?

Update: Infoworld has a long piece on Intel’s pending announcement.

Intel is set to announce at its IDF (Intel Developer Forum) conference starting Monday in Beijing that it will launch a new UMPC platform called McCaslin using a Stealey microprocessor running at 600MHz or 800MHz and capable of supporting Microsoft’s Windows Vista OS, according to several technology blogs.

The initiative may not produce quick profits for Intel. Critics say that vendors are trying to push UMPCs into an awkward market space called the “one-kilogram wasteland” with neither the long battery life of smartphones nor the fast processing power of laptop PCs. Intel has already dipped a toe in these waters, providing a Pentium M processor for Vulcan’s FlipStart. But like the competing Samsung Q1, Sony UX, and OQO Model 02, that product has seen limited sales to niche buyers.

Interesting video that outlines what the future of UMPC might actually look like - or at least that’s the vision. This could be coming soon… in Beijing next week…who knows! Have you seen this video before? I haven’t. Check it out.

Technology-News: GigaOm

Online Video Brings Out the Mooch

Kids these days — they have no shame. I’ll readily admit I’m not old enough to be cynical about this, but the advent of easily accessible video posting tools seems to have brought out a surplus of me-me-me in my peers.

Almost daily, it seems, we get pitches like this one:

Three friends started up this online adventure out of Newington figuring since all of us at one time or another wished we could go on a roadtrip across the country… why not do it and have someone else pay for it, share their stories, adventures and pictures with the world. [via email]

Calling themselves “Cash Road Trip USA,” these folks are selling ad squares on their van (a la Million Dollar Homepage) and t-shirt real estate on their bodies.

The team has raised all of $54 so far, according to its website. The small print on the donation page says “as soon as we depart for the trip we will take 50% of all the money and donate it to children’s charities through the country. In other words, we might make a stop at something like St Jude’s Childers Hospital and donate a portion to them.”

They’re not alone in their desire to do something cool and have it be subsidized.

See also The Young Americans Project, Road Trip Nation, RunningFool, Where the hell is Matt?.

Don’t get me wrong, I’m totally jealous. In a lot of cases these projects have a higher purpose of advocacy or art. NewTeeVee contributor Craig Rubens helped found a veggie oil-powered bus trip touting sustainable energy, the Big Green Bus, which will head out on its third edition this summer. A fellow named Noel Hidalgo we presented with at the SF Video 2.0 Meetup is raising money to start “one man’s open-source journey around the world documenting free culture, social innovators and global change.” Last Stop for Paul depicts two coworkers traveling around the world to scatter a friend’s ashes and, well, see the world.

The great American road trip has been around since Lewis and Clark, but it seems to me this is a special time of personal entrepreneurship. Near instantaneous video-blogging tools make the returns to sponsors all the more deliverable. With a few hours of work setting up a free publishing tool, your personal bid for celebrity becomes accessible to a global audience.

The phenomenon is taken to its ultimate form by Justin.tv. There’s no higher purpose here besides the human experiment of broadcasting your life all day every day. Justin Kan’s job is to be himself – which seems to entail staring at his laptop or talking to the media whenever I tune in. But the sponsorships keep on coming. If the goal is getting paid for being yourself, I guess it’s working.

Technology-News: GigaOm