Update: The Wall Street Journal reports that Yahoo and Google are going to work together on an experiment that might lead to big things. In other words, a two-week test that is limited to Yahoo’s U.S. traffic will carry Google ads. These ads will be limited to “no more than 3% of Yahoo’s Web search queries.” If all goes well, then a broader search outsourcing arrangement could be struck by the two companies.
Loose translation: With its bid for Yahoo, Microsoft made a checkmate move. Yahoo is out of suitors. Its shareholders don’t give it a prayer of a chance, and further more, the company is still as listless as it was six months ago. So what does it do? It goes and sleeps with the enemy!
Just a reminder of Yahoo’s cluelessness: In 2000, it outsourced its search queries to Google. It renewed the deal in 2002, and has become a minor player in the search business. Anyway, about this new-found friendship, I wonder if the U.S. government is going to let this one through. I mean, this is one instance in which antitrust concerns could actually hold some merit.
Microsoft is pretty clear about its position. As Brad Smith, Microsoft’s General Counsel, told the WSJ:
“Any definitive agreement between Yahoo! and Google would consolidate over 90% of the search advertising market in Google’s hands. This would make the market far less competitive, in sharp contrast to our own proposal to acquire Yahoo!”
Either way, in this deal, heads or tails, Google comes away a winner. If Yahoo goes to Microsoft, the ensuing chaos is going to benefit Google. If Yahoo gives away its search ad business, Google is a winner.
Update: The Wall Street Journal is reporting that Yahoo and Time Warner are planning on putting together a deal where Yahoo will get AOL which is being valued at $10 billion. In exchange Time Warner will get 20% of the combined company (Yahoo) and will make a cash investment. Google will be the search-ad-partner. Yahoo would spend the money it gets from Time Warner $10 billion buying back its own stock and beating down Microsoft. With Legg Mason, 7% owner of Yahoo opposing the Microsoft offer, the new plan could work. To make this plan come apart at seams unravel, Microsoft has to up the offer by a few dollars per share. I say this again, Yahoo has some serious problems. Buying AOL, already troubled in its own right, is only going to compound problems.

Yahoo’s stock had been declining steadily for almost two years before Microsoft showed up with Mad Money, yet the Internet portal thinks it’s worth $40 a share. Fact, or a case of corporate delusion? I think it’s the latter. Why is it worth $40 a share? (Is it because Microsoft offered $40 a share for Yahoo earlier, and Yahoo never took the offer and now are banging their head against the wall?)
Last time Yahoo traded at over $40 a share was back in January 2006. Now I am not against the idea of Yahoo squeezing more money out of Microsoft, as long as Yahoo can make a good case for it. Still, a 60 percent premium isn’t enough for Yahoo’s investors such as Bill Miller of Legg Mason, a mutual fund company. In a letter to investors in his fund, he writes:
Our own valuation work puts the value of YHOO in the range of those reported numbers, though, and we think MSFT will need to enhance its offer if it wants to complete a deal. YHOO shares were recently trading at a four-year low, and the stock averaged above the current offer price for all of 2004. YHOO is a uniquely valuable asset, and we expect MSFT will do what it takes to acquire it.
I would love to see Miller’s valuation work on Yahoo. Call me cynical, but there is a reason the stock is trading at a four-year low. Of course, this is the same fund that has big positions in stellar performers like Countrywide Financial, eBay and Sprint Nextel.
Many Wall Street analysts think Yahoo is worth between $34 and $35 a share. And that is the best case scenario, and assumes that everything will go right for the company in the display advertising business. Gee, I wonder why Google is spending over $3.1 billion trying to buy DoubleClick?
I think Yahoo is suffering from a case of corporate delusion. The company’s litany of woes is so long that it’s going to take some time before the proverbial sun will shine on Yahoo’s cow patch in Sunnyvale again. People seem to have already forgotten some of the problems that showed up in the fourth quarter of 2007 (not that they’ve been resolved), such as:
And look at yesterday’s layoffs. After sending out an email thanking the troops for sticking by the company, Jerry & Co. cut about 1,000 jobs. Nice morale-boosting move. Memo to Yahoos: Jerry-atrics are as likely to shank you as the Barons of Redmond.
There will be some of you who might accuse me of being too hard on Yahoo, and perhaps I am. But it is hard to have empathy for a company that has consistently managed to underperform. It has been losing the talent that made it great. More importantly, there seem to be very few reasons to catalyze growth and a better future at Yahoo.
And if Microsoft wants to pay a 60 percent premium for this kind of a future, that’s a pretty good deal.
By the way, if you want to catch up with the roller coaster of the Yahoo-Microsoft showdown, Kara Swisher has a nice wrap-up today, while Michael Arrington is reporting of talks between Yahoo and News Corp.

Just when you’d think Google’s financial discombobulation would give Yahoo some rest comes this heartfelt bullet from Microsoft. On the PR newswire this morning runs this incredibly respectful yet dispiritingly asexual love letter from Steve Ballmer to Jerry Yang. And, oh how Mr. Ballmer loves to dish, to wit:
In February 2007, I received a letter from your Chairman indicating the view of the Yahoo! Board that ‘now is not the right time from the perspective of our shareholders to enter into discussions regarding an acquisition transaction.’ According to that letter, the principal reason for this view was the Yahoo! Board’s confidence in the ‘potential upside’ if management successfully executed on a reformulated strategy based on certain operational initiatives, such as Project Panama, and a significant organizational realignment. A year has gone by, and the competitive situation has not improved.
Man, you have to hand it to sweaty old “Give It Up to Me!!!” Ballmer.
He corralled Yahoo’s proscribed empire into his greasy fist while preserving that silly artifice of the exclamation point in Yahoo!’s name. Nicely done, Steve. More than that, he finally called Yahoo on the Oz-like illusion it’s been fostering for a couple of years: “You had a year. You lost. All your base belong to us.”
I can’t shake this feeling Ray Ozzie has a hand in all this, but oh well. Yahoo shares finished Thursday at $19.18, but Ballmer & Co.’s bid of $31 a share for the web portal turned…umm, Microsoft property has driven the stock up 50 percent to $28.68 Friday morning.
Microsoft, which has $37.8 billion in cash and short-term investments, was to put out $44.6 billion in cash and stock to buy an Internet pioneer that until a year or so ago was so revered by investors and affiliates that everyone would have laughed aloud at the idea of the ticker MSFT swallowing YHOO.
Now it’s February 2008, and is anyone laughing?…Ben Stein…Beuller…anyone??
Having spent my share of last-calls at bars, I can only applaud Microsoft’s ambition in its 3 a.m. bid at corporate copulation — while snickering privately at the 62 percent premium over what everyone else thought Yahoo was worth until this deal was proffered.
Let’s sit down a minute and think about what a Microsoft-owned Yahoo will mean.
Yahoo has been admirably laissez-faire with Flickr and del.icio.us. Will they be preserved or folded into to services we’ve all eschewed? How will Yahoo mail accounts be reconciled with Hotmail accounts? Will those of us who use Yahoo Finance and all its features adapt to MSN Finance? What is MSN Finance?
A 62 percent premium, hmmm –- we Yahoo users have a new choice: Learn to love life under Ballmer, or migrate to Google.

Written by Sramana Mitra
Yahoo has lost about $20 billion in market cap over the last two years. The fight that it was supposed to put up against Google has been full of Brownian Motion, generating no real momentum.
Yahoo has a staggering 500 million users. However, it does a rather poor job of monetization. The vision that Yang shared at CES last week (“At Yahoo we want to be the most essential starting point for your life”) can come true if the key activities that we perform online are channeled through its My Yahoo service. And on the financial side, each of those activities needs to be backed up by a monetization model that takes full advantage of the traffic that Yahoo consistently manages to generate and preserve.
I have written endlessly about Yahoo’s turnaround strategy, making no bones about the fact that I believe Yahoo is in THE most promising position to be able to leverage Web 3.0.
And yet, Yahoo continues to falter.
The company will report its fourth-quarter and full-year 2007 results next week. It is a fantastic leveraging opportunity — if they can play their hand right.
The reason I believe that Yahoo can become the jewel of Web 3.0 is that it already has strong or interesting positions in multiple verticals, among them news, sports, finance, jobs and photo sharing. My entire Web 3.0 thesis is based on the web becoming verticalized, and therefore, to do justice to its potential, Yahoo needs to win in the verticals, and monetize them.
Let’s take the example of the online jobs vertical. The market has continued to grow rapidly; online recruitment advertising ($5.9 billion) surpassed newspaper job ads ($5.4 billion) in 2006, according to media research firm Borrell Associates. Newspapers are losing vertical classifieds to online, and Yahoo should be one of the most prominent beneficiaries of this movement.
But it isn’t, at least not yet. Why not?
Yahoo bought HotJobs, thwarting Monster’s effort to consolidate the space. Today, jobs is one of the top online segments and constitutes around 25 percent of U.S. Internet ad revenues. The top players in the online jobs market are CareerBuilder, Monster, Yahoo HotJobs and vertical search engines like Indeed and SimplyHired. HotJobs has approximately 9 percent of today’s market.
Monster, meanwhile, is an independent public company with a market cap of $3.5 billion and revenue of $997 million for the nine months ended Sept. 30, 2007; Rupert Murdoch is rumored to be mulling an acquisition of it. Monster had 60 percent market share in 2001, but fell to roughly 30 percent in 2007. Still, put HotJobs and Monster together, and Yahoo would have close to 40 percent market share in this important vertical.
Yahoo should also dominate online photo sharing; in the U.S. the top 10 photo-sharing sites draw around 50 million visitors each month. Monetization happens primarily through hosting fees and photo printing/merchandising services. Flickr, a wonderful property that Yahoo already owns, has figured out the hosting bit, but its monetization strategy does not include an in-house printing/photo merchandising service. To close this gap, Yahoo should buy publicly traded Shutterfly, which expects to post revenue of $180 million for the full-year 2007 period but whose market cap has recently dropped to under $500 million.
Yahoo has also made a move in online travel, but is not a top performer. Priceline, Expedia and Orbitz are all monetizing the segment. Yahoo should acquire one of them, and become a serious player.
Yet another segment that is moving online is real estate classifieds. Borell Associates predicts that by 2012, newspaper real estate ad revenue will hit $3.2 billion, while online real estate ad revenue will surpass that at $3.4 billion. In 2007, total ad spending on real estate dropped 3 percent, but online advertising soared 25.8 percent to $2.6 billion due to a shift to online from print. Yahoo doesn’t have much of a presence in online real estate — ZipRealty is a ripe and cheap acquisition target.
On the positive side, Yahoo is No. 1 in news, sports and finance. However, in each case, the monetization needs to be much more thorough.
What I’m suggesting is that Yahoo build up and/or acquire multiple strong online verticals, monetize them thoroughly, report on them separately, and create an organization structure that enables them to execute on them successfully.
Their current organization structure, which has advertisers, publishers and audiences under different executives, is in my opinion a flawed model. Accountability is unclear. They should put each vertical – soup-to-nuts – under a separate GM, one who is accountable for all three aspects of the vertical and owns the P&L. This would fix a lot of the cultural problems and finger-pointing for which Yahoo has lately become infamous.
I am still a great believer in Yahoo’s potential. The monetization path is rather clear to me. It should be equally clear to Maggie Wilderotter, Yahoo’s recently recruited board member, who also sits on the board of newspaper conglomerate McClatchy, and has articulated the vertical classifieds situation rather clearly to me.
When will it become clear to Jerry Yang and Sue Decker?

Predictions — like a fatty snack at a New Year’s Eve party, or that last glass of champagne in the wee hours of the morning, you are almost sure to regret them, yet sometimes you just can’t help yourself.
So although I can do without the trans-fat and am willing to forgo the bubbly, this year I can’t pass up a few lingering minutes at the crystal ball. To that end, I’ve taken seven of the more interesting stocks of 2007 and ranked them according to how I think they’ll perform in 2008. They are all stocks that inspired a good deal of passionate discussion and, for the most part, a good deal of capital gains.
First, listed in order of their 2007 price gains, the seven stocks I’ll look at are:
Before I make my forecast, the usual disclosure: As investment advice, this list is worth exactly as much as the money I’m putting in them: zero dollars and zero cents. The only advice implied here is not to confuse a year-end parlor game with trading ideas. And as always, feel free to leave your own list or your thoughts in the comments.
Google. Time and again, it’s been a mistake to bet against this stock. It may have an off quarter now and then and it may draw bad press, but the company still rules search. A slow economy would dry up ad dollars in general, but search ads might benefit as advertisers seek out the cheapest way to get their message to consumers. And if Google Apps make an impact, 2008 could be the year when Google brings in non-search revenue.
Yahoo. Yes, good ole black-and-blue Yahoo. 2008 will be a make-or-break year for the company, but 2007 was so hard on the stock that even a moderate recovery in profits could propel it higher. Like Google, it could benefit if weakness in print and television ads end up driving more ad dollars online.
Apple. The only thing standing in the way of this company’s path to even more fortune are its own potential missteps. Notably, William Safire predicted today a “pod push-back” that could damage Apple. I don’t see it, but it is interesting to note the meme of an Apple backlash is drawing mainstream mention.
Amazon.com. The stock has always been on a rollercoaster: $5 in 2002, $60 in 2003, $25 in 2006 and $95 just last week. The pendulum-like pattern suggests a selloff in 2008, but I think it’s more likely to see a merely moderate year. For a compelling longer-term argument in favor of Amazon, see this post from Fred Wilson.
eBay. Another flat-ish year for the company, I suspect, with growing investor impatience if it continues to merely tread water. Bears have been grumbling for some time that eBay would be better off split into three. That idea could gain steam if earnings start to disappoint.
Research In Motion. I don’t have anything against the company or its outlook, but I think this is a case of solid financials distorted by speculative enthusiasm. The stock’s 3 percent drop on the last day of the year could signal that investors are ready for a pullback.
Microsoft. Despite Steve Ballmer’s success in turning around this battleship, Microsoft remains most vulnerable to a slowdown in corporate IT spending. Beyond 2008, the company will do fine, but I think there’s a risk of a setback before then.
The wild card in all this is the overall economic forecast, which is as uncertain and hard to call as it’s been in a long time. Still, even though nobody knows how bad or how long the credit crunch will hurt, so far it hasn’t come close to curbing consumer appetite for innovative tech gadgets, which is good news for companies like Apple. And as long as it doesn’t slow overseas growth, that’s good news for companies like Google.
So there’s my list. Now to make it even more interesting, I created an entirely random list to compare to my own. Similar to tossing darts at a newspaper’s stock pages, I assigned each of these seven stocks a random integer, then ranked them (as I did the two lists above) in descending order. Here’s the outcome:
As much thought as I put into my own list, I have to say the contrarian in me is rooting for the randomizer.

A $350 million buyout of Zimbra by Yahoo (YHOO), Thunderbird being spun out as an independent entity by Mozilla, and the impressive launch of San Francisco-based Xobni: Email, the most socialist of all web apps, is back on the front burner. As old as the contemporary Internet itself, it remains a constant source of pain and pleasure for all of us.
Every morning starts with a groan at the sight of dozens of unanswered emails. And yet somewhere in there is a note from mom, sister or another loved one that brings a smile to our faces. There is no denying the fact that as an application it has most, if not all, of our attention.
Given its critical role in our digital lives, I wonder if email could be the underpinning of a social environment — much less a social network and more a “relationship and interaction manager that aggregates various social web services” — that doesn’t require rewiring our brains and changing our behavior.
The new generation of Internet users tends to rely more on social networks for communication, but for the rest of us, email is still the hub of our daily lives. (According to one study, there are about 1.2 billion email users and 1.8 billion active email accounts worldwide.)
The demographic dissonance aside, email for a substantial portion of the population can be a good starting point for a networked experience. It has all the elements needed for a social ecosystem, namely the address book. And if you’re like most people, your address book is organized by friends, family, work, and acquaintances.
In other words, the relationship buckets (and the level of intimacy) are already predefined and have relevance. From there, all communication-related information — mobile numbers, geo-location data, instant messaging identities and of course, email addresses — are just a click away. So what’s missing? Discovery and presence, and synchronicity. The good news is that a lot of these issues are being worked on by two San Francisco-based startups, Xoopit and Xobni, the latter having just launched.
First lets look at Xobni (which would have been my pick for the coolest company at TechCrunch 40) and what they have built. They have an adjunct application for Microsoft Outlook, which scans through the entire email database and quickly establishes relationships among the people you email, and ranks them according to frequencies and relevance.
The best feature of this application is that it can tell you when a specific person is most likely to reply to you and how quickly. It is not discovery and presence in the purist sense, but it’s close enough. Future versions of Xobni’s software will bring together various web services — everything from Flickr photos to Twitter. I like the idea of a quick query that matches a name with a photo from Flickr or Photobucket. Similarly, it would be great to find a way to integrate Twitter messages into the same client and not deal with a separate application. (I wrote about this Universal Communication Client for Business 2.0 back in July.) (If you want to try Xobni, use invite code GigaOM — only the first 100 people are going to get the beta downloads.)
While Xobni is focusing on Microsoft Outlook, startup Xoopit is focusing on the web mail universe. By combining some of its own proprietary technologies, among them a unique file system and search and messaging protocols including RSS, Xoopit has come up with such a unique user experience that it made me think: This is what Gmail should have been.
The company is co-founded by Bijan Marashi and Jonathan Katzman, formerly of Inktomi and TellMe Networks, respectively. Xoopit is very early in its development cycle but is still very impressive. (You can sign up for their beta here.)
The entire system is built to bring all types of web services right into the inbox. You go to the Xoopit web site, sign up, and input either your POP3 or IMAP mail server information. The messages immediately start getting pulled into your Xoopit account. If you have an IMAP server, then the messages reconcile with your original inbox. From here on Xoopit lets you view your inbox (and your attachments) in many different ways.
Take photos, for example. Most of us end up emailing photos (or links to photos) to each other. Links of photos are used to access them, while attachments are used to get a “preview.” The Xoopit GUI makes it easy to see photos on a grid, much like you would on, say, an iPhoto. On social networks photos are shared via some sort of a photo (or slideshow) widget. In this case, the email environment becomes the place where you can experience photos and videos. The next obvious step for Xoopit is to bring in Twitter and other such services into their playground.
In many ways, Yahoo might have taken the wrong approach to its new social networking experiment, Mash. Instead of starting as a network, it should have started from within Yahoo’s email service, which has some 250 million subscribers. Regardless of what Yahoo does, the fact of the matter is that “email” is finally getting some sorely needed attention, and let’s just hope it leads to something better, something that doesn’t make us all groan every time we open our inbox.
Back in the 1990s, searching for something on the web was like looking for a needle in a haystack. Then Google (GOOG) came along, and it was as if someone had handed us a magnet with which finding the good (and the relevant) became downright easy.
The post-bust social media boom, however, is bringing an end to the good times. The explosion of content on the Internet is making searching for information difficult once again. It is one of the reason we are seeing a sharp increase in the number of companies — vertical search engines and wiki-based collaborations, for example — that want to help us find the information for which we’re looking. This trend – lets call it smart content aggregation – is something I wrote about back in March for Business 2.0.
These companies are trying to insert themselves into the proverbial three-page paradigm that has been popularized by Google: page one is the search box; page two, the search results page; and finally, page three, the final destination that holds the coveted information. It’s the “second page” that’s getting crowded, and it’s forcing average web surfers to look for simpler options.
One option is Jason Calacanis’ Mahalo, which uses wiki-software to create specialized topic pages, aggregated by editors, that quickly point searchers to the best web resources available. (Of course, from an advertiser perspective these topics are also amongst the most sought-after “keywords”) He isn’t alone in trying to insert his company in between the searcher and the original content source; Yahoo (YHOO) has been experimenting with aggregation mashups as well.
Earlier this week, Kosmix, a Mountain View, Calif.-based startup that is taking an algorithmic approach to aggregating content, launched two beta versions of specialized topic-based pages, RightAutos and RightTrips; it also formally launched its health-focused property, RightHealth. The company builds specialized start pages on topics within topics, (such as osteoarthritis in its health section), that include everything from videos to news to special reports, all supported by advertising. Kosmix claims its beta version of RightHealth currently gets more than 2.5 million visits and generates 9 million searches a month.
Wikia, another company that is aggregating content, is now doing about 250 million page views. Wikipedia, the biggest such operation (and a not-for-profit org) had become the 9th-largest site on the web in terms of unique visitors, according to comScore.
These traffic trends reflect a desire on the part of web surfers to find information smartly aggregated for them. But those surfers still want to start with Google. Hitwise tells us that in August, 47.2 percent of Wikipedia’s traffic came from Google, up 8 percent over the same month last year. Meanwhile, Mahalo, which launched in May, saw 53.3 percent of its traffic come from Google in August, a 49-percent jump from July. For the same month-to-month timeframe, Google sent over 8.37 percent of Wikia’s traffic.
While the jury is out on the success of the aforementioned startups, the need for smart aggregators is only going to increase as more content starts to come online. As I wrote in the March issue of Business 2.0:
Hyperaggregation is simply a way to do in the new-media world what old media has done for centuries: neatly package information. The value of a newspaper, after all, is not the information inside as much as the carefully considered layout of the front page. At a glance you can see what’s important. Smart new companies are finally figuring out how to do this online, where there’s too much content and not enough packaging.
The aggregation is going to pose a challenge for some of the traditional content sources. A lack of finely tuned information sources is one of the reasons content publishers get “wasted” clicks. The aggregators can take away some of that sloth by making seek-and-search more efficient. Wikipedia’s pages, for example, are incredibly detailed and often include enough information that obviate the need to search any further. That should be a scarier prospect than Google adding news wires to Google News and subsequently taking a bite out of newspapers’ online traffic.