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Cisco Routers and Switches with L3 routing functions are seen to have problems with High CPU usage when SNMP is enabled. This can range anything from 15% to 40%. According to Cisco, these are low priority processes and other priority processes requiring CPU cycles are given priority over these processes and this level of CPU utilisation can be is normal. However, it is always better to be safe than sorry and get the CPU utilisation caused by SNMP to bare minimum so as to ensure the Routers function smoothly.

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Howto Recover Cisco Router Password

Cisco Layer 2 Switch Functions

This ‘How to’ is written to show the step by step password recovery of the Cisco Routers. It is assumed that you have a prior knowledge of what a router is and its basic function. It is also assumed the you are having some experience of configuring the router.

Please do not follow these steps if you are a new to Routers, as this can damage the IOS or any physical interface of the router.

1.Connect a computer to the router’s Console port using the Console cable that came with your router (it is usually flat and light blue).

Use these terminal settings:
* 9600 baud rate
* No parity
* 8 data bits
* 1 stop bit
* No flow control

2.Turn the router off using the power switch and turn it back on.

3.Once text starts popping up on the screen, send the break command CTRL + B or CTRL +BREAK (sometimes it is CTRL +X). This will abort the boot and present you with a rommon 1> prompt

4.From the new prompt you need to change the configuration register using the following command: confreg 0×2142

5.If you are using an older model of router you may need to enter o/r 0×2142

6.Now you need to recycle the router with the reset command.

7.If you used the o/r command then reset the router with the I command

8.Once the router finishes restarting you will find that there are no passwords to deal with, so you can enter enabled mode carte blanche.

9.Once in enabled mode enter this: copy start run. This will copy the startup config to the running config.

10.Now, go into configuration mode with the config t command

11.Once there enter the new password with the enable secret password command (i.e. enable secret admin).

12.Now set the configuration register back to normal with this command: confreg 0×2102

13.Exit config mode and enter the command copy run start to copy the new configuration to ram.

14.Now it is time to reload your router

15.Once the router is back up you need to configure all of your interfaces with the no shutdown command or they will not work.

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There are five passwords used to secure your Cisco routers: console, auxiliary, telnet (VTY),enable password, and enable secret. Just as you learned earlier in the chapter, the first two passwords are used to set your enable password that’s used to secure privileged mode. This will prompt a user for a password when the enable command is used. The other three are used to configure a password when user mode is accessed either through the console port, through the auxiliary port, or via Telnet.

Setup Enable Passwords

You set the enable passwords from global configuration mode like this

Router(config)#enable ?

last-resort - Define enable action if no TACACS servers respond

password - Assign the privileged level password

secret - Assign the privileged level secret

use-tacacs - Use TACACS to check enable passwords

The following points describe the enable password parameters

Last-resort - Allows you to still enter the router if you set up authentication through a TACACS
server and it’s not available. But it isn’t used if the TACACS server is working.

Password - Sets the enable password on older, pre-10.3 systems, and isn’t ever used if an enable
secret is set.

Secret - Is the newer, encrypted password that overrides the enable password if it’s set.

Use-tacacs - This tells the router to authenticate through a TACACS server. It’s convenient if you
have anywhere from a dozen to multitudes of routers.

Here’s an example of setting the enable passwords

Router(config)#enable secret admin

Router(config)#enable password admin

The enable password you have chosen is the same as your enable secret. This is not recommended. Re-enter the enable password.

If you try to set the enable secret and enable passwords the same, the router will give you a nice, polite warning to change the second password. If you don’t have older legacy routers,don’t even bother to use the enable password.

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