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monit is a utility for managing and monitoring, processes, files, directories and devices on a UNIX system. Monit conducts automatic maintenance and repair and can execute meaningful causal actions in error situations.

Monit Features

* Daemon mode - poll programs at a specified interval
* Monitoring modes - active, passive or manual
* Start, stop and restart of programs
* Group and manage groups of programs
* Process dependency definition
* Logging to syslog or own logfile
* Configuration - comprehensive controlfile
* Runtime and TCP/IP port checking (tcp and udp)
* SSL support for port checking
* Unix domain socket checking
* Process status and process timeout
* Process cpu usage
* Process memory usage
* Process zombie check
* Check the systems load average
* Check a file or directory timestamp
* Alert, stop or restart a process based on its characteristics
* MD5 checksum for programs started and stopped by monit
* Alert notification for program timeout, restart, checksum, stop resource and timestamp error
* Flexible and customizable email alert messages
* Protocol verification. HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP, IMAP, NNTP, SSH, DWP,LDAPv2 and LDAPv3
* An http interface with optional SSL support to make monit accessible from a webbrowser

Install Monit in Debian

#apt-get install monit

This will complete the installation with all the required software.

Configuring Monit

Default configuration file located at /etc/monit/monitrc you need to edit this file to configure your options

Sample Configuration file as follows and uncomment all the following options

## Start monit in background (run as daemon) and check the services at 2-minute
## intervals.
#
set daemon 120

## Set syslog logging with the ‘daemon’ facility. If the FACILITY option is
## omited, monit will use ‘user’ facility by default. You can specify the
## path to the file for monit native logging.
#
set logfile syslog facility log_daemon

## Set list of mailservers for alert delivery. Multiple servers may be
## specified using comma separator. By default monit uses port 25 - it is
## possible to override it with the PORT option.
#
set mailserver localhost # primary mailserver

## Monit by default uses the following alert mail format:

From: monit@$HOST # sender
Subject: monit alert — $EVENT $SERVICE # subject

$EVENT Service $SERVICE

Date: $DATE
Action: $ACTION
Host: $HOST # body
Description: $DESCRIPTION

Your faithful,
monit

## You can override the alert message format or its parts such as subject
## or sender using the MAIL-FORMAT statement. Macros such as $DATE, etc.
## are expanded on runtime. For example to override the sender:
#
set mail-format { from: monit@monitorserver.com }

## Monit has an embedded webserver, which can be used to view the
## configuration, actual services parameters or manage the services using the
## web interface.
#
set httpd port 2812 and
use address localhost # only accept connection from localhost
allow localhost # allow localhost to connect to the server and
allow 172.29.5.0/255.255.255.0
allow admin:monit # require user ‘admin’ with password ‘monit’

# Monitoring the apache2 web services.
# It will check process apache2 with given pid file.
# If process name or pidfile path is wrong then monit will
# give the error of failed. tough apache2 is running.
check process apache2 with pidfile /var/run/apache2.pid

#Below is actions taken by monit when service got stuck.
start program = “/etc/init.d/apache2 start”
stop program = “/etc/init.d/apache2 stop”
# Admin will notify by mail if below of the condition satisfied.
if cpu is greater than 60% for 2 cycles then alert
if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart
if totalmem > 200.0 MB for 5 cycles then restart
if children > 250 then restart
if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 8 cycles then stop
if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout
group server

#Monitoring Mysql Service

check process mysql with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
group database
start program = “/etc/init.d/mysql start”
stop program = “/etc/init.d/mysql stop”
if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 3306 then restart
if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout

#Monitoring ssh Service

check process sshd with pidfile /var/run/sshd.pid
start program “/etc/init.d/ssh start”
stop program “/etc/init.d/ssh stop”
if failed port 22 protocol ssh then restart
if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout

You can also include other configuration files via include directives:

include /etc/monit/default.monitrc
include /etc/monit/mysql.monitrc

This is only sample configuration file. The configuration file is pretty self-explaining; if you are unsure about an option, take a look at the monit documentation http://www.tildeslash.com/monit/doc/manual.php

After configuring your monit file you can check the configuration file syntax using the following command

#monit -t

Once you don’t have any syntax errors you need to enable this service by changing the file /etc/default/monit

# You must set this variable to for monit to start
startup=0

to

# You must set this variable to for monit to start
startup=1

Now you need to start the service using the following command

#/etc/init.d/monit start

Monit Web interface

Monit Web interface will run on the port number 2812.If you have any firewall in your network setup you need to enable this port.

Now point your browser to http://yourserverip:2812/ (make sure port 2812 isn’t blocked by your firewall), log in with admin and monit.If you want a secure login you can use https check here

Monitoring Different Services

Here’s some real-world configuration examples for monit. It can be helpful to look at the examples given here to see how a service is running, where it put its pidfile, how to call the start and stop methods for a service, etc. Check here for more examples.