Over the past few weeks, there have been a flurry of announcements from Microsoft, Netflix, TiVo, YouTube, Roku and others detailing how their devices can be used to play movies and other video-based content, delivered via the Internet, on the TV. Industry insiders are speculating that with these announcements the tide is finally turning, that Internet-delivered video will soon make a big impact in the consumer living room.
When looking at any new technology offering, however, market penetration rates are crucial. As we’ve seen in the past, the best technology is not what always wins — all that matters is what consumers adopt. With that in mind, here is a breakout of the numbers for these TV-connected devices and content offerings:
By adding up the above numbers we’re left with 19.3 million units sold. On paper, that seems like a half-way decent number. But if we break down these numbers even further, the real number of consumers capable of getting these content offerings is much smaller — so small, in fact, that they barely register.
Take for instance the recent Microsoft and Netflix announcement. While neither side will say just how many consumers have both an Xbox Live account and a Netflix account, it’s clearly less than half of Netflix’s 8.2 million members. So if we estimate on the high side and assume that a third of Netflix’s members have an Xbox 360 console and an Xbox Live account, we come up with a mere 2.7 million consumers.
As for the PS3, Sony only launched their online video service late last week, so it’s hard to estimate any numbers. But of the 4.9 million PS3s sold in the U.S. to date, not all of them are online. Estimating that 20 percent of them are not connected via broadband, we’ll use an install number of 4 million consumers.
When it comes to TiVo, you have to estimate how many of the 750,000 broadband-connected TiVo units are Series 3. Estimating that a third of the units are Series 3 would give us 250,000 consumers. But how many consumers have more than one TiVo? I have two Series 3 TiVos in my house, so while I am counted as two units, I’m only one consumer. TiVo won’t say how many customers have more than one unit, but taking that into account, the number of real consumers that TiVo is reaching with the Series 3 is probably more like 200,000.
That leaves us with the Apple TV, the Netflix player by Roku and VUDU. Using the numbers above, I estimate they reach 375,000 consumers combined.
Adding up all of the new numbers gives us just over 7.2 million consumers, far lower than the original 19.3 million hardware units that have been sold. And this 7.2 million number is even more skewed in that it does not take into account unique consumers. How many of the 7.2 million consumers have an Xbox 360 and a TiVo or an Xbox 360 and a PS3? If you estimate that 20 percent of them have multiple devices, you’re left with 5.7 million unique users. That’s a very small number. And then you have to estimate what percentage of those consumers will adopt and use the new services, and over what period of time?
Even if you had 50 percent penetration from day one, which you won’t, that would still be less than 3 million consumers using these devices to get Internet-based video to their TVs. While it is good to see more content options coming to consumers, adding up all of the install numbers for these devices gives a stark picture of just how small the install base really is. The market is still too fragmented, with too many different devices, all limited by a lack of premium content.
In the long run, the cable operators still have the best shot at bringing Internet-based video to the TV. Set-top boxes still have the most penetration with consumers and provide them with multiple ways of getting content. Unless of course you’re like me and only have TiVo, in which case the single-stream cable cards that most cable operators use don’t allow for any of the functionality of cable TV set-top boxes.
Dan Rayburn is EVP of StreamingMedia.com and has his own blog at BusinessOfVideo.com.

Before he became a founder, Ian Shea spent eight years at DVR maker (and TiVo predecessor) ReplayTV. During that time, the company went through — among other things — a massive restructuring, layoffs, bankruptcy and a turnaround before finally being bought by DirectTV for an undisclosed amount in December 2007. “We went through it all,” Shea told me recently.
And as soon as the DirectTV deal closed, Shea sought out an operating challenge he hadn’t yet faced: a startup.
Since January, Shea has been working alone out of his house on Project Maestro, an online marketplace for connecting experts from any number of fields to individuals that want top-dollar tutoring. So a retired minor league pitcher, for example, might be matched to a high schooler aspiring to earn a college scholarship on his fast ball, or a gerontology nurse might be matched to an investing club for Baby Boomers. Maestro will also handle the scheduling and billing, much like a virtual talent agency might.
But starting an online marketplace is different from running a consumer electronics outfit. I asked Shea what lessons from ReplayTV he can apply to Maestro. What he shared was a simple recipe for incremental execution that will benefit any founder — one that doesn’t include a draft business plan until month six.
“The main lesson I got at Replay was the importance of metrics and milestones,” he said. Prior to its acquisition by DirectTV, he explained, Replay was owned by a Japanese company. “They stressed the importance of metrics. It was their culture, so it became our culture.” Replay subsequently starting published what it called the “Daily Flash,” a simple one-pager that showed daily service activations, the top three customer calls, DVR box returns and its total user base, “so we could see our churn.”
The measurable results proved to be especially valuable when DirectTV came calling — after all, investors need data to build their financial models. Venture capitalists do, too. So Shea recreated “Daily Flash” for Maestro, which he has graciously shared with us:
1. January: Create Vision
Daily task: Talk to 3-5 people about my idea to socialize thoughts. Did they get it? Transcribe notes.
Weekly task: Discuss idea with one potential adviser.
End of Month: Find 5 competitors that lack right product offering; use as anchor for counterstrategy.
2. February: Discuss Vision
Daily: Talk to 3-5 people about market problem. Transcribe notes.
Weekly: Begin discussing potential customers and product features. Transcribe notes.
Month end: Find 4 advisers on whom I can lean each day to discuss process, who will take me through the development of vision.
3. March: Prepare Written “Vision Brief”
Daily: Edit vision brief; consult advisers; edit again.
Weekly: Create contact list of people to receive brief; list specific feedback needed from each.
Month end: Complete 2-page vision brief; begin developing metrics for ‘Go/No Go’ on business, such as: Is potential consumer base big enough?
4. April: Test Vision
Daily: Send vision brief to 10 people. Personalize each email.
Weekly: At week two, begin scheduling daily meetings for face-to-face feedback from respondents.
Month end: Will have sent business brief to 300+ people.
5. May: Vet Feedback, Validate Vision
Daily: Take 3-5 live meetings with vision brief reviewers. Take notes, transcribe daily.
Weekly: Compare respondents’ feedback for common denominators in perceived market problem, and desired solutions.
Month end: Validate Maestro’s solution against commonalities. Decide whether to launch company.
6. June: Draft Business Plan
Daily: Chart growth phases and performance metrics; edit plan
Weekly: Source a law firm. Begin product specifications; begin talking to developers and consultants.
Month end: Complete draft business plan.
“How you filter information in the first six months is really critical to your learning,” Shea said. Setting up these “deliverables to himself” made it easier. “I could see clearly that if executed properly, this could be big. I should launch Maestro.” Shea is now in phase seven of his startup’s Daily Flash: “The Customer Development Brief.”
